March 29, 2024

The President’s Personal Assault on Bruce Ohr—And Its Dangerous Effects



This personal, public targeting of a civil servant by the President of the United States is not simply puzzling; it is wrong and dangerous.


By Oona A. Hathaway, J.D. / 08.30.2018
Gerard C. and Bernice Latrobe Smith Professor of International Law
Yale Law School


President Trump has tweeted repeatedly about Bruce Ohr, a lawyer in the criminal division at the Department of Justice. On August 29, the president tweeted: “How the hell is Bruce Ohr still employed at the Justice Department? Disgraceful! Witch Hunt!” He also earlier threatened to revoke Ohr’s security clearance, which would make it impossible for him to do his job. This personal, public targeting of a civil servant by the President of the United States is not simply puzzling; it is wrong and dangerous.

Why in the world is a civil servant in the Justice Department being targeted by Trump? Ohr attracted Trump’s ire because, in 2016, he reportedly passed along a version of the infamous “Steele dossier” to the FBI (which the government apparently already had—but more on that in a moment). That dossier, which contained salacious allegations about the president, was compiled by former British agent Christopher Steele whose company was contracted by Fusion GPS, an opposition research firm co-founded by former Wall Street Journal reporter Glenn R. Simpson. Fusion GPS in turn was working for the Hillary Clinton Campaign and Democratic National Committee (its investigation of Trump had begun under a contract with a conservative website supported by GOP donor Paul Singer but that ended when Trump clinched the nomination).

Ohr had a number of connections to Fusion GPS. First and foremost, his wife, Nellie Ohr, is a Russian linguist who worked for Fusion GPS and, it appears, worked on the opposition research on Trump. But that was not Ohr’s only connection to Fusion GPS.  He knew both Simpson and Steele because they had traveled in similar professional circles—and had met at conferences on fighting organized crime over the years. Steele and Ohr had also worked together busting Russian corruption in FIFA (Steele reportedly used some of the same sources in compiling his dossier on Trump).  In his testimony before the House Intelligence Committee, Simpson testified that Steele had suggested that Simpson speak directly to Ohr about the information Fusion GPS had unearthed about Trump.

Why is everyone so excited about the dossier, aside from a few salacious details? House Intelligence Committee Chairman Devin Nunes (R-Calif) publicly released a memo from “HPSCI Majority Staff” to the “HPSCI Majority Members” claiming that the Steele dossier was a key source for the FISA application to monitor former Trump campaign adviser Carter Page. The Nunes memo claimed, moreover, that the FISA application relied on the dossier without acknowledging its possible bias and inaccuracies. That claim, however, was later decisively proven wrong when, in an extraordinary turn of events, the application was released (in redacted form)—the first ever such release. That application made clear that the FBI put the political origins of the dossier in context in the application. What’s more, the dossier was one of many sources used by the FBI to support the application. Carter Page, moreover, was already subject to an earlier FISA warrant—which was very likely a strong basis for the 2016 warrant.

Nunes and Trump have not let go of the matter, however. Earlier this month, Chairman Nunes traveled to London seeking information on Steele and Ohr. But just this week—on August 28—Ohr voluntarily appeared in a closed-door session before the House Judiciary and Oversight Committee to answer questions about his contacts with Steele and his wife Nellie. The only lawmakers to attend were members of the GOP: Reps. Mark Meadows, Jim Jordan, Trey Gowdy, John Ratcliffe, Darrell Issa, Matt Gaetz and Andy Biggs. Ohr testified for four hours. Afterwards, Republican members promised continued investigation of the relationship between Ohr and Fusion GPS.

After all of these interviews and investigations, it appears that the facts behind what some have called a “deep state conspiracy” do not hold up. According to a letter from several Republican members of the Judiciary Committee, Ohr first met with the FBI on November 22, 2016.  That’s after the FISA surveillance request for Carter Page was submitted (it was filed in October 2016). While he may have continued to have some contacts with Steele after Steele ceased working as a source for the FBI, so far no one has publicly identified anything improper in those contacts. Moreover, the fact that his wife worked for Fusion GPS has been treated as damning evidence against him. But, of course, the mere fact that a government employee has a spouse that works on sensitive political matters outside the government should not be treated as automatically suspect (though it can trigger disclosure or recusal obligations). So far, at least, there is nothing to suggest that Ohr improperly used information obtained from his wife in the course of his government duties (or that he improperly provided information to her). Moreover, according to the House Minority report, when Ohr passed the information to the FBI, he “informed the FBI of his prior professional relationship with Steele … and also described his wife’s contract work with Fusion GPS.” And even if he had acted improperly, there are procedures within the Department of Justice for investigating and disciplining employees.

What we have, then, is an all out personal assault on an almost three-decade civil servant by the President of the United States and significant members of the Republican leadership. For years, Ohr has made major contributions to U.S. government efforts to fight Russian organized crime. In 2006, he was one of several government officials who played a role in revoking the visa of Oleg Deripaska, a Russian billionaire and aluminum magnate, a close ally of President Vladimir V. Putin, and who has been tied to former Trump campaign chairman Paul Manafort.  Craig Unger, who has published a book on Trump’s ties to Russian organized crime, also recently claimed in a tweet on August 28 that Trump is punishing Ohr because he investigated Semion Mogilevich and “wld know abt RU Mafia laundering $$ thru Trump condos, RU Mafia ties w Kremlin, & Mafia operations run from Trump Tower.”

From what we have learned so far, aside from his role in fighting Russian organized crime, the main reason Ohr has received so much unfortunate attention is that he knew (and is married to) people who were privy to unverified, unflattering, and damaging information about the President.  And when he himself was given some of that information, he passed it along to the FBI—as he was arguably duty bound to do.

At this point, it seems probable that Ohr will be fired or will quit. But even if he doesn’t, the message to anyone else who might hold information unflattering or inconvenient to the President is clear: stay silent, keep it to yourself, don’t do anything that might make the President look bad.  That’s precisely what the President wants. And that’s precisely why what is happening to Ohr is so dangerous.


Originally published by the Just Security, New York University School of Law, under a Creative Commons Attribution-No Derivs-NonCommercial license.