Medieval experiments with solar power were small, scattered, and limited by material constraints. Yet they were also...
History
Its future will depend not only on engineering but also on the historical legacies of trust, risk,...
Did people in the ancient and medieval worlds genetically modify crops? If we mean deliberate alteration of...
This battle led to the first Congressional investigation in history. In less than three hours on November...
French tyranny received an answer. By Eli WizevichHistory CorrespondentSmithsonian Magazine Natchez warriors arrived at Fort Rosalie on the Mississippi River on...
The earliest periods of migration, settlement, and development are defined by archaeological evidence. Introduction The Native Peoples...
Ancient and medieval societies lacked the bureaucratic sophistication of modern states, but their loyalty screenings reveal similar...
The medieval church’s sanctuary reminds us that societies measure their justice not only in the punishments they...
To ask whether immigrants were sent to concentration camps is to recognize how far the machinery of...
The Mycenaean civilization peaked from the 15th to the 13th century BCE. Introduction Linear B script was the writing system of...
Linear A script is composed of at least 90 characters, which can be grouped into syllabic signs,...
Once accepted for service, the dogs went to the Dog Detachment Training Center at Camp Lejeune. By...
They helped assist their respective commanders with an accuracy and clarity unmatched by technology. By Garet Anderson-Lind...
Since their introduction in the early 20th century, plates have served several uses. By Dr. Miriam PinskiResearch...
Roman names have echoed for millennia. What went into them? The Triple Name Nothing is more familiar...
From papyrus to AI, the history of restricted access to technology reveals a consistent interplay of innovation...
The disappearance of technologies across history reminds us that invention is not a steady ascent but a...
Ancient rituals and philosophical dialogues prefigure modern therapies, while technologies from trephines to smartphones mediate the therapeutic...
Ancient education was never monolithic. It reflected and reproduced the inequalities of its time, yet it also...
The history of student foreign exchange and educational migration is inseparable from the history of power, empire,...
Collectively, these tools chart the shifting priorities of education: from moral instruction to standardization, from vocational preparation...
Genocide by definition. By Dr. Rosalyn R. LaPierProfessor of HistoryUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Introduction I am...
The lesson of antiquity is that technological ingenuity was never absent. What was absent were economic structures...
Medieval record-keeping technology encompassed more than quills and parchment. It represented a cultural shift toward inscription as...
Neural networks matured into deep learning, Bayesian reasoning undergirds modern probabilistic AI, and reinforcement learning powers today’s...
Powell continued to practice medicine as a civilian. More than 180,000 African Americans—some free born, some escaped...
The craze for castrati in England started relatively late. Introduction For most of the people in this...
The ancient study of the brain was never purely scientific nor purely mystical. It arose from the...
By the close of the nineteenth century, prosthetics had moved from artisanal oddities to standardized commodities. They...
People were making a binding gesture not just with the Gospels, but also with the civic law....