The Holy Roman Empire only turned into an imperial juggernaut under the strongest of emperors. Introduction The Holy...
Holy Roman Empire
The ‘Two Swords’ – the emperor and the pope – stayed at each other’s throats over a...
The investiture dispute grew gradually in the 11th century between the Catholic Church and the German Salian...
For contemporaries, the sack was an “unbelievable spectacle and conflagration”. By Dr. John M. HuntAssistant Professor of...
All Imperial Estates enjoyed immediacy and, therefore, they had no authority above them besides the Holy Roman...
The Empire, for much of its history, can be seen as the Christian equivalent of the Muslim...