Infighting between Louis the Pious’s sons and external threats from different civilizations contributed to the collapse. Introduction...
Carolingian
Torhalle Lorsch / Photo by Immanuel Giel, Wikimedia Commons Edited by Matthew A. McIntosh / 04.29.2018HistorianBrewminate Editor-in-Chief 1...
Map with present-day nations By Dr. Jennifer Awes-Freeman / 08.08.2015 Visiting Assistant Professor of Art History and Religious Studies...