The Babylon ruins, once the capital of Nebuchadnezzar’s empire, are among some of the world’s oldest and...
Persia
Exploring its use (and misuse) over the centuries as political propaganda, loot, and even fodder in the...
Cyrus conquered the Medes and established one of the largest empires of the ancient world, the Persian...
He could not keep his word as he kept changing sides and lived in exile. Alcibiades, the...
Exploring tales of military might, myth, and court life as told through stone sculptures. Interview of Dr....
Safavid art and architecture reflected the adoption of a Shi’a identity. Introduction to the Safavid Dynasty: Rise...
Briefly introducing the Sasanian Empire through a handful of key monuments. The Royal Hunter A rider pulls...
From their earliest days of the Achaemenid Empire, the Persians introduced a number of novel concepts in...
Many of the most common aspects of daily life, as well as theological paradigms and political systems,...
Athens had the largest and wealthiest city-state, but they also had a larger class of people excluded...
The pulverizing defeat at Hattin had left most of the Crusader strongholds without enough soldiers to defend...
These poets would affect the literary arts of cultures around the world and continue to inspire readers...
The first evidence of Persian literature is usually dated to c.522 BCE with the creation of the...
The text of the inscription is a statement by Darius I of Persia, written three times in...
The Hittite civilization was one of the cradles of human culture. Introduction “Hittites” is the conventional English-language...
The early Achaemenid kings may or may not have been adherents of Zoroastrianism but that religion would...
The city became an important center for trade along the Silk Road. Introduction Ctesiphon was an ancient...
While these contributions may be understood as commonplace in the present day, they were entirely novel in...
Fire temples were firmly established by the time of the Parthian Empire. Introduction Fire Temples are places...
Ancient Persian (pre-Islamic) women had almost equal rights with men and, in many instances, more freedoms and...
Women enjoyed high status and rights in pre-Islamic Persia that would be lost following Muslim invasions in...
The general consensus is that it is genuine, dates from the Achaemenid Period, and is representative of...
Persian art and architecture was influenced early on by the older civilizations of Elam and Susiana. Introduction...
He was the author of the Shāhnāmeh (Epic of Kings), the national epic of the Persian-speaking world....
Cyrus was far different from other kings of his time in the ways he chose to rule....
Darius thoroughly revised the Persian system of administration and also the legal code. Introduction Darius the Great...
While Cyrus seems to have accepted the crown of Media, by 546 BCE, he had officially assumed...
It is often referenced as a Zoroastrian heresy because it departed significantly from central Zoroastrian beliefs. Introduction...
It was developed from an oral tradition founded by the prophet Zoroaster sometime between c. 1500-1000 BCE....
Zoroastrianism was adopted by the Achaemenid Empire, the Parthian Empire, and found its fullest expression under the...