Russia has a long history of using energy to divide the U.S. and Europe. Introduction The Biden...
Europe
The crisis tests Europe’s dependence on Russian gas against Russia’s dependence on European energy customers. By Prasanta...
The challenges of finding alternative natural gas supplies for Europe in case of a Russian cutoff over...
Evidence points to Homo sapiens living at Grotte Mandrin 54,000 years ago when Neanderthals were still living...
The ancient and medieval village represented a new stage of the world’s oldest civilized society. By Frances...
Within Celtic society there was a binding system where powerful individuals undertook to look after others. Introduction...
Despite evidence from external sources, little is known about Scythian history. Introduction Generally thought of as fierce...
Distinguishing between different origins of migrants as well as migration motives. Introduction This outlines the general developments...
Examining Europe’s rise out of the ashes of the ruined continent to lasting stability, peace, and prosperity....
Roman and early medieval scientific texts were read and studied, contributing to the understanding of nature in...
Characterizing the Middle Ages as a period of darkness is misleading. Introduction So much of what the...
During the Iron Age, Central, Western and most of Eastern Europe gradually entered the historical period. Introduction...
Monarchs and prime ministers have spent centuries working out which decisions need to be made in public....
Monarchs were demolishing the medieval feudal political system and building strong central government in its place. Introduction...
A time when Europe was swept up in the Renaissance and the Reformation, other major changes were...
Looking at developments that shaped culture during the period. Introduction Few historical concepts have such powerful resonance...
The migrants comprised war bands or tribes of 10,000 to 20,000 people during and after the decline...
The activities of vigilante groups should be contained as far-right groups add more fuel to the fire....
The first time that Francia is named is in the Panegyrici Latini in the early third century....
The Enlightenment directly involved only the educated spheres of society. After Pietism and the Moravian movement, the...
The U.S. under Trump is no longer seen as the enemy by Europe’s New Right, who are...
It has been suggested that there is a correlation between demographic and social patterns and the flourishing...
The designation, Ostrogoth, taken to mean ‘Eastern Goth’, actually means ‘Goths glorified by the rising sun’. Introduction...
What were the links between abolition and imperialism in East Africa? Originally published by Newberry Digital Collections...
From Britain to Hungary to Italy, the far right is on the rise. openDemocracy investigations over the...
Examining major European twentieth-century narratives and interpretations that have seen it as an age of violence, terror,...
The Migration Period is typically regarded as beginning with the invasion of Europe by the Huns from...
The full range of consumer goods of the period was set out to tempt the shopper and...
Hasidism was called into existence by the charismatic figure Israel ben Eliezer (ca. 1700–1760), who was active...
The issue of inter-state relations illustrates the political relevance of changing concepts of borders in early modern...