Serfs increased their political power by acting collectively in village communities which began to hold their own...
Medieval
Saint Matthew, folio 15 recto of the Coronation Gospels (Gospel Book of Charlemagne), from Aachen, Germany, c. 800-810, ink...
The full range of consumer goods of the period was set out to tempt the shopper and...
What tools would an alchemist use in the quest to transmute other elements into gold? David Teniers...
Sforza was an early scientist who experimented with chemistry and medicine. By Amy Lifson Caterina Sforza, the...
Exploring how the motives, organization, and effects of the Crusades change over time. Originally published by Newberry...
South-side portal (detail), Church of Ste. Pierre, 1115-1130, Moissac, France (photo: Simon, Creative Commons) By Dr. Shannon Pritchard...
Cloister, Fontenay Abbey, 12th century By Christine M. Bolli / 08.08.2015 PhD Candidate in Art History University of California,...
What place does the paper book have in our increasingly all-digital present? What place does the paper...
Heraldry began on the mid-12th century CE battlefield as an easy means to identify medieval royalty and...
Early Vikings wouldn’t understand nationalism – the secret to their success was to embrace other cultures. The...
Even in a male-dominated society, Viking women were far from powerless. By Emma GroeneveldHistorian Introduction Although women in the Viking Age...
An unlikely combination of artists, medieval historians, philosophers and scientists have converged to create an exhibition of...
The Kingdom of Jerusalem did, in fact, make its own important cultural contributions. On 15 July 1099,...
One of the biggest challenges facing medieval historians is interpreting the actions of individuals at a remove...
The illustrations in medieval herbals are beautiful and mysterious. But if you know how to read them,...
This 15th-century mystic turned her hand to brewing the bubbly, and she wasn’t very successful. By Karl...
Monasteries were important centers of learning which educated the young and produced new technologies for agricultural and...
During the fifteenth century, and notably in Italy, the art of translating was profoundly changed by Humanists...
Lawyers spoke their own language, even in the Middle Ages. When John of Salisbury (ca. 1115-1180) decried...
A vivid picture of the emergence of the global market and the beginnings of global competition. Introduction...
John Medewall, bearing a very English-sounding name, describes himself as a foreigner, and as such at a...
Siege tactics were a crucial part of medieval warfare. By Mark CartwrightHistorian Introduction Siege tactics were a...
Medieval commerce had little space for a specialized law, and merchants had little need for it. Abstract...
Strategies in translating the first national law-code of Norway, the Landslov from 1274, into English. Abstract This...
Tympanum depicting the “Last Judgment” from the Saint-Lazare Cathedral, Autun, France. c. 1120-1130 or c. 1130-1145. Base...
The League aimed to protect trade, which meant that maintaining peace was also a major concern. Introduction...
Two powerful and often conflicting legal systems had emerged. Early Development When the Germanic tribes entered the...
The order was formed c.1119 CE when seven knights, led by French nobleman Hugh of Payns, swore...
The idea of people of different social levels living together on a single estate for mutual benefit...