The 442nd’s Japanese American soldiers won extraordinary honors amid wartime incarceration. Their service and the dissent surrounding...
Weapons and Warfare
Explore warfare across history, examining military strategy, weapons, armies, major conflicts, technological change, civilian experiences, and the consequences of war.
In occupied Yugoslavia, Tito’s Partisans fought for liberation while rival Chetniks and competing Allied interests shaped a...
Before D-Day, some English villagers were evacuated for Allied training. In Normandy, civilians endured the fighting as...
On June 6, 1944, the 16th Infantry Regiment landed under devastating fire at Omaha Beach. Despite nearly...
National Archives photographs show African Americans serving in the military and supporting the war at home. This...
Elizabeth Richardson joined the American Red Cross in 1944 and served GIs from Clubmobiles overseas. Her letters...
Long before the United States acknowledged weapons in orbit, Program 437 kept nuclear-armed Thor missiles on alert...
National Archives records reveal the people behind the Spanish-American War, from soldiers and sailors to USS Maine...
France’s La Gloire and Britain’s HMS Warrior transformed naval power, forcing rival states into an escalating contest...
Hongi Hika’s firearms advantage gave Ngāpuhi extraordinary power, but it also compelled rival iwi to arm, fortify...
In 1139, Lateran II condemned the use of crossbowmen and archers against Christians. Canon 29 entered church...
In 399 BCE, Dionysius I gathered Mediterranean artisans at Syracuse, armed for renewed war with Carthage, and...
Honestly held differences of opinion can easily arise out of conflicting interpretations of what happened in the...
Warfare arising from distrust on one side and fear on the other. From about 230 to 266...
From the Angel of Mons and the Anzac legend to Nazi racial mythology and the SS, ancient...
Classical antiquity, biblical symbolism, emancipation, and the Lost Cause shaped how Americans fought the Civil War and...
From Tecumseh and Tenskwatawa to Brock, Perry, and Jackson, the War of 1812 unfolded through sacred histories,...
Fifth-century Greek drama cast Marathon as both a victory over Persian despotism and a moral benchmark, using...
Irving Berlin’s This Is the Army turned Broadway, Hollywood, patriotism, and wartime morale into one of World...
For as long as people have fought, they have looked for ways to survive the blow. Body...
Native Americans served, resisted, negotiated, and fought within U.S. military history from the Revolution through the Mexican-American...
Ancient false friends exploited trust, gifts, alliances, kinship, and loyalty, turning friendship itself into one of politics’...
Across centuries, individuals have obeyed irrational commands that led to their deaths, revealing how authority, identity, and...
Moctezuma II’s response to the Spanish conquest reveals how authority, belief, and uncertainty shaped decisions that contributed...
As religious rhetoric intensifies around the Iran war, political conflict is recast in sacred terms, echoing the...
The trace italienne revolutionized fortification through geometry and firepower, reshaping warfare, strengthening early modern states, and leaving...
A critical examination of claims about star forts, Tartaria, and “mud floods,” separating conspiracy narratives from verifiable...
Siege warfare in the ancient and medieval worlds systematically targeted civilians, using starvation, disease, and terror to...
History is not just written in books—it is carved into the ground where battles were fought, victories...
Medieval swords signaled social status in three surprising ways through the legal exclusivity of ownership, the elite...