When exactly salt became a trade commodity is unknown, but the exchange of salt for cereals dates...
Ancient
Hot drinks and early bedtimes were key to a comfortable winter. Images of Italy and the Mediterranean generally...
The Moselle River owes its name to the Romans, who called it Mosella or ‘little Meuse’. Introduction...
Democracies and Republics, the best of all political structures, have a way of destroying themselves if not...
Cupid is a minor character who serves mostly to set the plot in motion. Introduction In classical...
Ancient Rome’s Venus had many abilities beyond the Greek Aphrodite. By Brittany Garcia Introduction In Roman mythology,...
Venus has been described as perhaps “the most original creation of the Roman pantheon”. Introduction Venus is...
Using Scythian military tactics, they eventually took over the Seleucid Empire. Introduction While little is written about...
The Indus Valley Civilization is now often compared with the far more famous cultures of Egypt and...
Exploring the Parthenon and its sculptural program from the perspective of gender. Introduction Few monuments can claim...
Strong and brave, the Amazons were a force to be reckoned with in Greek mythology – but...
The basic design of the collar has not changed since the time of ancient Mesopotamia but variations...
The Macedonians were also noted horsemen, horse-breeders, and horse-worshipers up to the time of Philip II. Introduction...
The name of the Cabeiri recalls Mount Kabeiros, a mountain in the region of Berekyntia in Asia...
The destruction of the first temple in Jerusalem in 586 BCE challenged traditional notions about the inviolability...
Later, during the Iron Age, the Israelite religion became distinct from the Canaanite polytheism out of which...
The dry conditions of Egypt helped preserve these delicate fabrics. What Is Coptic? The modern term “Copt”...
The main metals used in ancient Egypt were copper, gold, silver, and iron. Metallurgy is the science...
Tangible evidence about Christianity’s spread from Rome to Canterbury and from Ireland to the Court of Charlemagne....
It was initially a Jewish message and so the followers of Jesus took his teachings to the...
The Temple defined the authority of the new ideology of the rising Augustan empire. The Temple of...
Some historians point to Stilicho’s ambition and blame him in part for the fall of the Western...
Roman losses are described as being up to 80,000 troops as well as another 40,000 auxiliary troops...
Evidence points to a complex set of practices that defy a singular notion of religion. Religions in...
No ancient inscription names the coalition as “Sea Peoples” – this is a modern-day designation. Introduction The...
Epidemics haunt history, but they shape history too, as happened in 212 BCE at Syracuse. “The dogs...
Thucydides indicates that this plague was extraordinary in that “a pestilence of such extent and mortality was...
Exploring how the ancient philosophers from Plato to late antiquity understood mental illness. Abstract This article outlines...
During the Renaissance, the standing remains of the city’s massive masonry aqueducts inspired architects, engineers and their...
Cisterns were not only used to store water but also as underground chambers, hiding places for fugitives,...