Propaganda and World War I: A Memorial to ForgetfulnessThis year marked the centennial of the conclusion of the First World War, an anniversary that passed...
History
Citizen v. John Foreigner: The Politics of Inclusion in Medieval England’s Urban CentersJohn Medewall, bearing a very English-sounding name, describes himself as a foreigner, and as such at a...
Transparency in Medieval RulershipMonarchs and prime ministers have spent centuries working out which decisions need to be made in public....
The Strategic Importance of Byzantine ConstantinopleBuilt in the seventh century BCE, the ancient city of Byzantium proved to be a valuable city...
Göbekli Tepe: The World’s First Temple?The fact that hunter–gatherer peoples could organize the construction of such a complex site as far back...
The Ecology of Yellow Fever in Antebellum New OrleansThe spread of yellow fever was a result of complex ecological and demographic changes produced by the...
What Is Yellow Fever? Disease and Causation in Environmental HistoryRecent phylogenetic analyses suggest that the yellow fever virus is approximately 1,500 years old. In many environmental...
Plagues of the PastMany diseases have affected the outcomes of battles or the political leanings of a country, but few...
The Origin and History of the BCE/CE Dating SystemThe use of BCE/CE certainly has become more common in recent years but it is not a...
A History of the Western CalendarExamining different historical calendars and the origin of the western calendar. Principles of Historical Calendars Overview Most...
What Caused the Salem Witch Trials?Looking into the underlying causes of the Salem Witch Trials in the 17th century. By Vicki Saxon...
Exorcism Has Been Part of Christianity for CenturiesForty-five years ago, ‘The Exorcist’ terrified viewers with its portrayal of a practice that goes back several centuries and continues today...
The History of Body Armor, from the Medieval World to TodayThere has been a true arms race, where every advance in body armor has required a more...
Siege Warfare in Medieval EuropeSiege tactics were a crucial part of medieval warfare. By Mark CartwrightHistorian Introduction Siege tactics were a...
Greek Fire: A Byzantine Weapon Lost to the AgesThe weapon ceased to exist by the time the Ottoman Empire finally conquered Constantinople in 1453. September...
Greek Fire: Byzantine Weapon of Mass DestructionThe napalm of ancient warfare. By Mark CartwrightHistor Introduction Greek Fire was an incendiary weapon first used in Byzantine...
War Machines of ArchimedesOne area in which Archimedes excelled was in the design and construction of great war machines. By...
The Good, the Bad, and the Ague: Defining Healthful Airs in Early Modern EnglandCombating malaria through travel, diet, natural remedies, and architecture in early modern England. From standing PoolesFrom boggs;...
City Sanitation Regulations in the Coventry Mayor’s Proclamation of 1421In 1421, the newly elected mayor of Coventry, England issued a proclamation that gives us insights into...
Denis Diderot and Science: Enlightenment to ModernityDiderot was not a practicing scientist, but was as close to one as he could be. A...
Antecedents to Modernity: The Enlightenment and Reactions to ItThe foundation was laid for Modernity by the philosophies and theories of the Enlightenment. Antecedents to Modernity...
The Roman GladiatorWithout doubt, gladiator spectacles were one of the most watched forms of popular entertainment in the Roman...
Panem Et Circenses: Ancient Roman Entertainment for Appeasement“The people are only anxious for two things: bread and circuses.” Introduction Two men ready their weapons....
Entomology and Empire: Settler Colonial Science and the Campaign for Hawaiian AnnexationPest control was a political act in late-nineteenth-century Hawaiʻi, helping sugarcane planters pursue annexation to the United...
Droughts and Agricultural Scarcity before Independence in the Viceroyalty of New Granada, 1800–1810The crisis affected all kind of people: whites, mestizos, and indigenous people; herders, large cattle owners, and...
The Medieval Law Merchant: The Tyranny of a ConstructMedieval commerce had little space for a specialized law, and merchants had little need for it. Abstract...
Perspectives on Translating Medieval Law: The Norwegian Landslov of 1274Strategies in translating the first national law-code of Norway, the Landslov from 1274, into English. Abstract This...
Empress Wu Zetien: Bloodthirsty Ruler or Bad Press?“She killed her sister, butchered her elder brothers, murdered the ruler, poisoned her mother,” the chronicles say....
Attila the Hun: A Ruthless ScourgeHis name was synonymous with terror among his enemies and the general populace of the territories that...
The Dialectic of Community in Plato’s ‘Republic’The dialectic of Plato’s civic architecture is centered on an account of justice as geometrical equality. Abstract...