The early years of printing in Western Europe was a time of astonishing productivity. Originally published by...
Middle Ages
Monasteries in the Early Middle Ages already had rudimentary rules and guidelines. Introduction The monastic orders of...
The Church regulated and defined an individual’s life, literally, from birth to death and was thought to...
What did medieval Christians believe about women’s nature and social roles? How did they express these beliefs...
How were spices used by medieval Europeans, and why were spices so valuable in medieval Europe? Originally...
Images of a cockatoo in Frederick II of Sicily’s falconry book reveal how trade routes around Australia’s...
An introduction and prologue for the first campaigns against Sicily and the relations between both Sicily and...
Originally established in the 13th century to combat heretical groups, the Inquisition became a sophisticated, global operation...
The medieval Church developed and retained its power by encouraging the innate human fear of death and...
Charting the evolution of Old English through the 700 years during which it was written and spoken....
Objects, flora, and fauna from these faraway lands were shipped back to Europe where many people perceived...
Throughout the empire’s history, Khmer’s court was repeatedly concerned with putting down rebellions. By Rodrigo Quijada PlubinsHistorian...
The creativity of the Pallavas did not diminish throughout their reign. By Anantha Krishnan Introduction The Pallavas...
The artifacts exhibited can tell us about the Vikings’ lives and values in a time of transition...
The conflict would not only have devastating consequences for all concerned but permanently sour relations between Japan...
The Byzantine Empire, is one of the most tragically understudied topics in modern American historical curriculum. By...
Traditionally founded in the 6th century CE, the present layout of buildings dates to the 12th century...
The castle is the largest and best-preserved samurai fortification in the country. By Mark CartwrightHistorian Introduction Himeji...
The journey begins with a quiet academic living in Istanbul who receives a cryptic message that will...
Medieval feasts sometimes had a moral tossed in with the tale. In the Middle Ages, before forks...
Founded by Henry I, there was a close connections between the abbey and the English kings. It...
Before the age of printing, the texts and layouts of Hebrew works were not standardised. This is...
The Third Crusade failed to put Jerusalem back in Christian hands. Introduction In 1187 Outremer (the collective...
Persian gained prominence as a literary language and a lingua franca—a common cultural language—about a thousand years...
The message in medieval manuscripts is clear: The rich are good, the poor are trouble. Gluttony—overindulging in...
Language about Jews in the medieval Good Friday liturgy often carried over into physical violence toward local...
The medieval period saw Jews experience intense antisemitism. Introduction The roots of antisemitism can be found in...
Developments forced a dramatic transformation in the character of warfare from antiquity, changing tactics, weaponry, and fortifications....
Throughout history, Iran was always a cradle of science, contributing to medicine, mathematics, astronomy and philosophy. Introduction...
Faith, science, and stargazing influenced everyday decisions in the Middle Ages. Introduction Humankind has always looked to...