Saints were sometimes associated with protecting animals, particularly in magical texts or ‘charms’. St Francis of Assisi...
Medieval
The document’s validity had been contested since 1001 CE until finally proven to be a forgery. Introduction...
Exploring the key events that contributed to the decline of feudalism in Europe from the 12th through...
Exploring the political and economic system that developed in Western Europe during the Middle Ages. Introduction Historians...
This movement led to the start of many new Christian churches that broke away from the Catholic...
Christians mounted violent campaigns against Jews and heretics in addition to the wars in Europe, North Africa,...
The Church had a close relationship with the English state throughout the Middle Ages. Introduction Medieval Religion...
Exploring imperial China during the period from about 221 BCE to about 1644 CE. Introduction The word...
All of the extra features, such as marginal glossing and pointing hands, tell you about how the...
Infighting between Louis the Pious’s sons and external threats from different civilizations contributed to the collapse. Introduction...
The rise of Turkish power in Anatolia eventually gave rise to the Ottoman Empire which rapidly conquered...
Rome’s influence lives on in many ways today – in art, architecture and engineering, language and writing,...
Looking for history in the latest version of King Arthur. Introduction For those of you watching Cursed,...
In medieval England using magic was a bit like drug use today: against the law and seen...
The plague remained endemic for 300 years, returning every so often to cull the population. Introduction In...
Medieval people firmly believed in God and occult powers. By Véronique SoreauPhD Student in English and Anglo-Saxon...
Tribal militia formed the basis of the army in Kievan Rus’ before the Mongol invasion. Introduction The...
From Kievan Rus to the adoption of Christianity and Ivan the Great after the Mongol invasion. Introduction...
During this period, China’s huge cities dwarfed the cities of medieval Europe. Introduction The Song period was...
Exploring how the Chinese both welcomed and rejected foreign contacts. Introduction At times, the Chinese welcomed foreign...
The title “doge” was the title of the senior-most elected official of Venice and Genoa. Introduction The...
Exploring voting rules and electoral procedures used in the Middle Ages in both ecclesiastical and secular contexts....
Old English continued to be used a century after William’s victory at the Battle of Hastings. Even...
Examining objects and material culture in ritual performances intended to heal, protect and transform the living and...
Throughout the history of the book, scribes and artists have incorporated nature into their creations. Flowers are...
Family arms and honor were put on the line, ladies were wooed, and even national pride was...
The idea of organized satanic witchcraft was invented in Europe by church authorities, who at first were...
Some bestiary descriptions explained a creature’s Christian significance while others focused on physical characteristics. Introduction The bestiary...
Jewish practitioners participated in the exchange of knowledge between Christian and Muslim writers and practitioners. The Book...
Medicine had become highly professionalized by the late Middle Ages and was patriarchal, but women like Trotula...