The German case shows that truth alone is insufficient if it is not paired with ethical judgment...
Germany
German history follows the changing states and societies of Central Europe across centuries of political transformation. Read about the events and ideas that shaped Germany and its place in the wider world.
Weimar’s emergency provisions were not imposed from outside the constitutional system but were written into it as...
The historical lesson is not that institutions must be weakened to prevent abuse, but that they must...
At every critical juncture, the republic chose order over participation, security over deliberation, and administrative efficiency over...
Democratic collapse is rarely triggered by enthusiasm for authoritarianism. It is enabled by exhaustion, drift, and the...
Trends in the development of American literature set in the German capital from around 1900 to the...
The Gestapo’s targeting of immigrants reveals how racial ideology and administrative authority converged to create one of...
The Münster Rebellion stands as one of the most haunting episodes of the Reformation, not simply for...
The archive is full of early alarms. The ethical question is whether we treat them only as...
Democracies die when fear legitimizes indefinite exception, when law is used to undo law, and when enough...
The Nazi assault on the press, publishing, and scholarship was more than censorship. It was an attempt...
To ask whether immigrants were sent to concentration camps is to recognize how far the machinery of...
It was central to the totalitarian transformation of Germany. By Matthew A. McIntoshPublic HistorianBrewminate Introduction The rise...
As Hitler turned German schools and universities into tools of Nazi indoctrination, some educators resisted through quiet...
Thousands resistance fighters were sent directly to concentration camps without trial. Curated/Reviewed by Matthew A. McIntoshPublic HistorianBrewminate...
News of the crushing Soviet victory at Stalingrad in February 1943 over the Third Reich was intense....
Even before 1938, the German resistance had begun seeking foreign help. By Jeff Pines During World War...
It very swiftly became an occupation by a totalitarian regime. By Mark CartwrightHistorian Introduction The Anschluss (‘fusion’) of 12...
Key to the Gestapo’s strategy was everyone watching everyone else. By Mark CartwrightHistorian Introduction The Gestapo was...
Any civilian could be rounded up, imprisoned, and executed. By Mark CartwrightHistorian Introduction Einsatzgruppen (‘deployment groups’) were secret...
A network of civilian informants was used – neighbors spying on neighbors. Curated/Reviewed by Matthew A. McIntoshPublic...
When individuals were depicted, it was most often through an antisemitic lens. By Dr. Wolf GrunerProfessor of...
He eliminated all opposition and established a totalitarian regime. By Mark CartwrightHistorian Introduction The rise of Adolf...
He refused to obey in advance. Curated/Reviewed by Matthew A. McIntoshPublic HistorianBrewminate Introduction August Landmesser is suggested...
There were many potential sympathizers to the cause. By Mark CartwrightHistorian Introduction A group of German generals...
The ruling Nazi party indoctrinated the youth of Germany. By Mark CartwrightHistorian Introduction The Hitler Youth (Hitlerjugend or HJ), named...
He used the fire as an excuse to declare martial law. By Mark CartwrightHistorian Introduction The Reichstag Fire of...
Following the trail of Hitler’s land grabs. By Mark CartwrightHistorian Introduction The Munich Agreement, signed on 30 September...
Tracing the path of Germany’s expansion from 1935. By Mark CartwrightHistorian Introduction The leader of Nazi Germany...
The Nuremberg rallies became truly grandiose affairs. By Mark CartwrightHistorian Introduction The Nuremberg Rally, or the Reich...